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+91-74286 23211 sales@semreseller.com Mon-Fri 9:30 - 6:30 The secret of getting a good position on Google does not only involve great content. You may have the best post but if it is hosted on a slow-loading server, it will not get traffic from Google searches, nor will any user wait for it to load.
That is why Technical SEO comes into play. It takes care of the things that are not visible i.e. the structure, performance, and code that the search engines use to read and understand your site.
With this guide, you will learn about technical SEO and get a simple, step-by-step plan for checking your own website.
Usually when people talk about technical SEO, they mean the following components:
It is the most critical factor, albeit arguably. Google officially recognizes Page Speed as a ranking factor because a slow website is considered a bad user experience.
Core Web Vitals: These are the specific metrics set by Google to measure how users experience your website. For example, they measure how fast the largest piece of content loads, how quickly the page responds to user interaction, and if the layout shifts unexpectedly while loading. A slow site will always lose to a fast site, even if the content is slightly weaker.
Google still sees a website with poor layout or tiny text that requires horizontal scrolling as broken if more than half of the searchers are using mobile devices. Your technical SEO assures you that responsive design is in use, which automatically adjusts perfectly to any screen size. Google employs a mobile-first index, which means that it primarily assesses your site based on its mobile version.
The only safe places for search engines to send users are the ones that are secure. An SSL certificate (Secure Sockets Layer) is a must on your site, and with it, the communication between your browser and the website will be secured and encrypted. If the URL of your site begins with https:// instead of http:// and there is a small padlock icon, it means that your site is secure. This is a basic requirement for trust and ranking.
This is about how pages are connected to each other. A clean site structure organizes your content into categories that are logical like folders on a computer; and then links them accordingly.
These are two specific files that act as traffic lights for search engine bots:
Robots.txt: This is a small text file that indicates to the crawlers the areas of your website they cannot visit (like your login page or admin folder). A mistake here can unknowingly block Google from accessing your entire site!
XML Sitemap: This is a list of all the URLs on your website that you want Google to know and index. It serves as a guide, ensuring the crawlers don't miss any of your important pages. You need to submit this file to Google Search Console.
A Technical SEO Audit simply involves checking all the factors mentioned above for issues that might be hurting your rankings and user experience.
You don't need to be a coding expert; you just need the appropriate tools and a clear procedure.
The initial question is: Are Google able to discover your content and store it?
Tool: Google Search Console (GSC). This is a free, indispensable tool provided by Google.
What to check:
Coverage Report: Take note of and compare the number of pages that are "Indexed" vs "Excluded". If significant pages are excluded, GSC will inform you what the reason is (e.g., "Blocked by robots.txt," "Noindex tag detected").
Inspect Your robots.txt: Utilize a crawler tool or GSC to check that you haven't accidentally blocked your most important folders or pages.
Check for 404 Errors: GSC will provide you with a list of all the pages Google attempted to access but could not due to an error (a 404 "Page Not Found"). You need to fix these by redirecting them (Step 5).
The next question: Is your site fast and mobile-friendly?
Tools: Google PageSpeed Insights and Mobile-Friendly Test tool. Both of them are free.
What to check:
Page Speed Insights: Type the URL of your site and check both Mobile and Desktop scores. The aim is green (a score above 90). Pay particular attention to the Core Web Vitals section since that is the one Google prioritizes.
Mobile-Friendly Test: This confirms your page is large enough for easy reading on a smartphone.
Common Fixes: If your score is low, the audit often suggests that basic issues like the following should be fixed: Compressing images (they're often too big!), Minifying code (shrink the code), and using browser caching (storing files temporarily on the user's computer for quicker loading in the case of repeat visitors).
Check the security and organization.
What to check:
HTTPS Check: Simply type your site address into the browser. Does it show the little padlock and start with https://? If not, you need an SSL certificate.
Sitemap: Go to GSC and make sure your XML sitemap is submitted, that it contains all your most important URLs, and that it has no errors.
Internal Links: Use a crawling tool (like Screaming Frog or a free site audit tool) to identify "orphan pages"—pages that have no internal links pointing to them. If no other page links to it, neither the user nor Google can easily find it.
Sometimes, a single page can be accessed through multiple URLs. This confuses Google as it does not know which one to rank.
Example: Your homepage could be reachable at http://example.com, https://example.com, and https://www.example.com.
The Fix: You have to choose one version (the canonical version) as the preferred one and make sure all other versions redirect permanently (301 redirect) to the chosen one. In the case of very similar pages (e.g. product pages that vary only by color), you can also use a canonical tag to tell Google which one is the "master copy" when you have very similar pages (e.g. product pages that vary only by color).
A broken link or redirect chain is an impediment for both users and bots.
Broken Links (404s): Use your crawler tool or GSC to discover pages that result in a 404 error. If the page was significant, set up a 301 Redirect (a permanent redirect) to point the old URL to the most relevant new page.
Redirect Chains: This happens when URL A redirects to URL B, which in turn redirects to URL C. This process slows down the site and wastes crawl budget. You should always ensure that URL A redirects directly to the final destination, URL C.
Technical SEO means getting rid of roadblocks instead of looking for shortcuts. When you dedicate time to a recurrent technical audit, you are constructing a robust, speedy, and trustworthy framework for your entire SEO strategy. The basics are speed, security, and crawlability, and you will be making a pleasant experience for both the search engine robots and, even more importantly, the people who are trying to access your site. A well-optimized technical SEO is your ultimate competitive advantage.
Digital Marketing Specialist at SEMReseller
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